大跨度桥梁工程建造技术研究进展
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1.合肥工业大学;2.合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院;3.安徽建工建设投资集团有限公司;4.武汉大学 土木建筑工程学院;5.中铁十一局集团有限公司;6.中铁四局集团有限公司;7.中铁十局集团第三建设有限公司;8.中国十七冶集团有限公司;9.河南中桥重工科技有限公司

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U44

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国家自然科学基金资助项目(52374085)


Research progress on construction technology of large-span bridge engineering
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    摘要:

    随着我国交通强国战略的深入实施,大跨度桥梁工程建设迎来了高质量发展新阶段。为进一步提升大跨度桥梁的建造技术,加速实现工程建造智能化转型,本文系统总结了近年来我国在勘察、设计、施工三大技术领域的最新研究进展。在地质勘察方面:传统钻探、物探及综合物探法进一步发展为综合勘察技术体系,并实现规模化工程应用;无人机航测、BIM技术等智能化手段的引入显著提高了勘察效率与安全性。在设计技术方面:可靠度设计理论、多灾害耦合作用下的桥梁设计、抗震与抗风设计等新理论与方法持续完善;斜拉、悬索及斜拉-悬索协作体系等结构形式得到广泛应用,以张靖皋长江大桥为代表的一批重大工程在关键结构体系创新方面取得突破,创造了多项世界纪录;基于深度学习算法的人工智能设计技术在实际工程应用中取得重要进展。在施工技术方面:针对深水基础施工,成功研发了全液压动力头旋转钻机,创新采用了台阶型沉井基础、嵌入式设置沉井基础及超大直径钻孔桩等新型基础形式;针对索塔施工,采用全封闭抗风液压爬模技术,提出智能控制液压爬升提升机并研发智能控制系统等;针对钢桁梁、钢箱梁施工,提出新型顶推施工工艺、整体制造与架设工艺,并开发自动装配系统及机器人焊接技术等。然而,当前智能化建造技术研究仍存在若干亟待解决的问题。未来,应进一步聚焦智能化勘察、基于人工智能技术的桥梁设计、智能化施工设备及自动化施工技术等方向,推动大跨度桥梁工程建造技术向更高效、更智能、更安全方向发展。

    Abstract:

    With the in-depth implementation of China"s transportation power strategy, the construction of large-span bridge projects has ushered in a new stage of high-quality development. In order to further enhance the construction technology of large-span bridges and accelerate the intelligent transformation of engineering construction, this paper systematically summarizes the latest research progress in the three major technical fields of investigation, design and construction in China in recent years. In terms of geological survey: traditional drilling, physical exploration and comprehensive physical exploration method are further developed into a comprehensive survey technology system and realized large-scale engineering application; the introduction of intelligent means such as drone aerial survey and BIM technology significantly improves the survey efficiency and safety. In terms of design technology: reliability design theory, bridge design under multi-hazard coupling, seismic and wind-resistant design and other new theories and methods continue to improve; cable-stayed, suspension and cable-stayed-suspension collaborative system and other structural forms have been widely used to Zhang Jinggao Yangtze River Bridge as a representative of a number of major projects made breakthroughs in the innovation of the key structural system, creating a number of world records; based on the deep learning algorithm of the Artificial intelligence design technology based on deep learning algorithms has made important progress in practical engineering applications. In terms of construction technology: for deep-water foundation construction, the company successfully researched and developed a fully hydraulic power head rotary drilling rig, and innovatively adopted new types of foundation forms, such as step-type sinkhole foundation, embedded set-up sinkhole foundation, and super-large-diameter bored piles, etc.; for cable-stayed tower construction, the company adopted the fully enclosed wind-resistant hydraulic climbing mold technology, put forward the intelligently-controlled hydraulic climbing and lifting machine, and researched and developed the intelligent control system; for the construction of steel truss girders and steel box girders, it put forward a new type of jacking construction process, and the overall control system for the construction. For the construction of steel truss girder and steel box girder, it proposes a new type of jacking construction process, overall manufacturing and erection process, and develops automatic assembly system and robot welding technology. However, there are still several pressing issues in the current research on intelligent construction technology that require urgent resolution. In the future, research should further focus on the directions of intelligent investigation, bridge design based on artificial intelligence technology, intelligent construction equipment and automated construction technology, so as to promote the development of large-span bridge engineering construction technology in the direction of more efficient, more intelligent and safer.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-14
  • 最后修改日期:2025-04-14
  • 录用日期:2025-04-15
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