It is essential for advancing practical engineering applications to investigate the influence of different parameters of coarse aggregates on the performance of geopolymer recycled concrete. A threefactor，three-level orthogonal experimental design method was mainly used to optimize the coarse aggregates' design，the different factors' role in the coarse aggregate ratios and the differences between the different levels were analyzed. The effect of the maximum size of coarse aggregate，the gradation， and the substitution of natural aggregate for recycled aggregate on the performance of recycled concrete was investigated. The results showed that the size of the coarse aggregate is always the critical factor affecting the performance of recycled concrete. The strength of the concrete after aggregate optimization can almost always reach the C50 level，and the performance of the optimized concrete is significantly improved compared with that of the base concrete. There is an excellent linear relationship between the compressive strength of concrete and the factors of coarse aggregate.