The waste fly ash from waste incineration has been used in asphalt road projects, promoting the utilization of resources and the development of green transportation. In this study, in order to study the performance of fly ash asphalt binder and mixture, the fly ash was added to the asphalt, the asphalt binder with different powder-to-binder ratios (F/A) and fly ash content was prepared to investigate the rheological performance of asphalt binder. Moreover, the road performance of the mixture was verified . The results showed that the high-temperature behavior of asphalt binder can be improved by the fly ash, however, which has no significant effect on the low-temperature rheological properties of asphalt mortar. Furthermore, the permanent deformation resistance of asphalt mixture can be improved. However, the low-temperature crack resistance will be affected. and the water stability will be reduced, the test results still meet the specification requirements. The feasibility of partially replacing of mineral powder by the fly ash is verified the rheological behavior of asphalt and mixture pavement performance tests. The recommended replacement amount of fly ash is about 25%～50% of mineral powder.