[Purposes] To study the influence of the aggregate gradation of crumb rubber asphalt concrete CRAC-10 on the mixture composition structure and pavement performance. [Methods] Using the gyration compaction test, the proportion of different coarse aggregate particle sizes and the corresponding voids in coarse aggregate that meet the aggregate skeleton requirements were determined according to the evaluation indicators of the voids in coarse aggregate and the air voids ratio of specimens. Considering the influence of crumb rubber particles, the dosage of fine aggregate was determined according to the principle of skeleton densification. The fine aggregate adjustment coefficient K was introduced for the gradation design of crumb rubber modified asphalt mixture; Through the Marshall test, high and low temperature performance test, water stability test and fatigue test, the influence of the adjustment coefficient on the volume parameters and pavement performance of the crumb rubber modified asphalt mixture was explored. [Findings] The analysis of the mixture skeleton and volume parameters under different adjustment coefficients shows that when K is less than 0.8, the small amount of asphalt mortar is difficult to fill the voids between the skeletons, resulting in a relatively large void ratio and a small asphalt saturation degree. When K is greater than 1.4, the excessive asphalt mortar pushes apart the coarse skeleton structure, causing interference, resulting in a relatively small void ratio, and the void in mineral aggregate approaches the lower limit. The high-temperature performance of the mixture first increases and then rapidly decreases as the adjustment coefficient increases. The water stability and low-temperature performance increase with the rise of the adjustment coefficient, but the growth rate significantly slows down after K exceeds 1.2, and there is even a downward trend. The mixture's fatigue life increases with the adjustment coefficient's increase. When K exceeds 1.4, the increase in the fatigue life of the mixture tends to level off. [Conclusions] The recommended range of the fine aggregate adjustment coefficient K for the crumb rubber modified asphalt mixture CRAC-10 is 0.8 to 1.3. When the adjustment coefficient is within the range of 1.0 to 1.2, the gradation of the mixture exhibits the characteristics of a skeleton dense structure and has excellent pavement performance.